Englisch lernen

Grammatik, Lernkarten und Übungen für die englische Sprache.

Zeitformen

Present Simple Infinitiv (he/she/it + s) I work Gewohnheiten, Fakten, feste Zustände

Aussage: I work in Berlin.

Verneinung: I do not work in Berlin.

Frage: Do you work in Berlin?

Present Continuous am / is / are + Verb + ing I am working Passiert gerade jetzt, vorübergehende Situation

Aussage: I am working now.

Verneinung: I am not working now.

Frage: Are you working now?

Present Perfect have / has + Past Participle I have worked Bis jetzt passiert, Bezug zur Gegenwart, Erfahrung

Aussage: I have finished the report.

Verneinung: I have not finished the report yet.

Frage: Have you finished the report?

Present Perfect Continuous have / has been + Verb + ing I have been working Begann früher, dauert noch an, Dauer wichtig

Aussage: I have been learning English for three years.

Verneinung: I have not been learning English for three years.

Frage: Have you been learning English for three years?

Simple Past Verb + ed (regelmäßig) / 2. Verbform (unregelmäßig) I worked Abgeschlossene Handlung in der Vergangenheit

Aussage: I worked yesterday.

Verneinung: I did not work yesterday.

Frage: Did you work yesterday?

Past Continuous was / were + Verb + ing I was working Handlung war gerade im Gange

Aussage: I was sleeping when the phone rang.

Verneinung: I was not sleeping when the phone rang.

Frage: Were you sleeping when the phone rang?

Past Perfect had + Past Participle I had worked Vorher abgeschlossen

Aussage: I had eaten before he arrived.

Verneinung: I had not eaten before he arrived.

Frage: Had you eaten before he arrived?

Past Perfect Continuous had been + Verb + ing I had been working Dauer vor einem Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit

Aussage: I had been waiting for an hour when the bus arrived.

Verneinung: I had not been waiting for an hour when the bus arrived.

Frage: Had you been waiting for an hour when the bus arrived?

Future Simple will + Infinitiv I will work Vorhersage, spontane Entscheidung, Versprechen

Aussage: I will help you.

Verneinung: I will not help you.

Frage: Will you help me?

Going-to Future am / is / are going to + Infinitiv I am going to work Plan, Absicht

Aussage: I am going to buy a new car.

Verneinung: I am not going to buy a new car.

Frage: Are you going to buy a new car?

Future Continuous will be + Verb + ing I will be working Handlung wird zu einem Zeitpunkt in der Zukunft gerade stattfinden

Aussage: Tomorrow at this time I will be running.

Verneinung: Tomorrow at this time I will not be running.

Frage: Will you be running tomorrow at this time?

Future Perfect will have + Past Participle I will have worked Bis zu einem Zeitpunkt abgeschlossen

Aussage: By Friday I will have finished the report.

Verneinung: By Friday I will not have finished the report.

Frage: Will you have finished the report by Friday?

Future Perfect Continuous will have been + Verb + ing I will have been working Dauer bis zu einem Zeitpunkt in der Zukunft

Aussage: By next year I will have been working here for ten years.

Verneinung: By next year I will not have been working here for ten years.

Frage: Will you have been working here for ten years by next year?

Conditional 1 if + Present Simple + will + Infinitiv If it rains, we will stay at home. Realistische Bedingung für die Zukunft

Aussage: If it rains, we will stay at home.

Verneinung: If it does not rain, we will go outside.

Frage: What will you do if it rains?

Conditional 2 if + Past Simple + would If I had more time, I would read more. Hypothetische Situation in der Gegenwart oder Zukunft

Aussage: If I had more time, I would read more.

Verneinung: If I did not have so much work, I would read more.

Frage: What would you do if you had more time?

Conditional 3 if + Past Perfect + would have If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam. Vergangenheit, zu spät, nicht mehr änderbar

Aussage: If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam.

Verneinung: If I had not studied, I would not have passed the exam.

Frage: What would you have done if you had passed the exam?

Mixed Conditional Typ A if + Past Perfect + would + Infinitiv If I had trained more, I would be faster now. Vergangene Ursache → heutige Auswirkung

Erklärung: Etwas ist in der Vergangenheit passiert (oder nicht passiert) und hat heute Folgen.

Beispiel: If I had trained more, I would be faster now.

Deutsch: Wenn ich mehr trainiert hätte, wäre ich heute schneller.

Aussage: If I had studied harder, I would have a better job now.

Verneinung: If I had not studied, I would not have this job now.

Frage: What would you do now if you had studied medicine?

Lernkarten

Present Simple

Bildung

Infinitiv (he/she/it + s)

Beispiel:

I work / He works

Verwendung

  • Gewohnheiten
  • Fakten
  • feste Zustände

Beispiel

I work in Berlin.

Present Continuous

Bildung

am / is / are + Verb + ing

Beispiel:

I am working

Verwendung

  • Passiert gerade jetzt
  • Vorübergehende Situation

Beispielsatz

I am working now.

Present Perfect

Bildung

have / has + Past Participle

Beispiel:

I have worked

Verwendung

  • Bis jetzt passiert
  • Bezug zur Gegenwart
  • Erfahrung

Beispielsatz

I have finished the report.

Present Perfect Continuous

Bildung

have / has been + Verb + ing

Beispiel:

I have been working

Verwendung

  • Begann früher
  • Dauert noch an
  • Dauer wichtig

Beispielsatz

I have been learning English for three years.

Simple Past

Bildung

Verb + ed (regelmäßig) / 2. Verbform (unregelmäßig)

Beispiel:

I worked

Verwendung

  • Abgeschlossene Handlung
  • Vergangenheit

Beispielsatz

I worked yesterday.

Past Continuous

Bildung

was / were + Verb + ing

Beispiel:

I was working

Verwendung

  • Handlung war gerade im Gange
  • Unterbrochene Handlung in der Vergangenheit

Beispielsatz

I was sleeping when the phone rang.

Past Perfect

Bildung

had + Past Participle

Beispiel:

I had worked

Verwendung

  • Vorher abgeschlossen
  • Vor einem anderen Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit

Beispielsatz

I had eaten before he arrived.

Past Perfect Continuous

Bildung

had been + Verb + ing

Beispiel:

I had been working

Verwendung

  • Dauer vor einem Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit
  • Betonung der Dauer

Beispielsatz

I had been waiting for an hour when the bus arrived.

Future Simple

Bildung

will + Infinitiv

Beispiel:

I will work

Verwendung

  • Vorhersage
  • Spontane Entscheidung
  • Versprechen

Beispielsatz

I will help you.

Going-to Future

Bildung

am / is / are going to + Infinitiv

Beispiel:

I am going to work

Verwendung

  • Plan
  • Absicht

Beispielsatz

I am going to buy a new car.

Future Continuous

Bildung

will be + Verb + ing

Beispiel:

I will be working

Verwendung

  • Handlung wird zu einem Zeitpunkt in der Zukunft gerade stattfinden

Beispielsatz

Tomorrow at this time I will be running.

Future Perfect

Bildung

will have + Past Participle

Beispiel:

I will have worked

Verwendung

  • Bis zu einem Zeitpunkt abgeschlossen

Beispielsatz

By Friday I will have finished the report.

Future Perfect Continuous

Bildung

will have been + Verb + ing

Beispiel:

I will have been working

Verwendung

  • Dauer bis zu einem Zeitpunkt in der Zukunft
  • Betonung der Dauer

Beispielsatz

By next year I will have been working here for ten years.

Conditional 1

Bildung

if + Present Simple + will + Infinitiv

Beispiel:

If it rains, we will stay at home.

Verwendung

  • Realistische Bedingung
  • Mögliche Zukunft

Beispielsatz

If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.

Conditional 2

Bildung

if + Past Simple + would + Infinitiv

Beispiel:

If I had more time, I would read more.

Verwendung

  • Hypothetische Situation
  • Unwahrscheinliche Gegenwart oder Zukunft

Beispielsatz

If I had more money, I would buy a new car.

Conditional 3

Bildung

if + Past Perfect + would have + Past Participle

Beispiel:

If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam.

Verwendung

  • Vergangenheit
  • Zu spät, nicht mehr änderbar

Beispielsatz

If I had trained harder, I would have won the race.

Mixed Conditional Typ A

Bildung

if + Past Perfect + would + Infinitiv

Beispiel:

If I had trained more, I would be faster now.

Verwendung

  • Vergangene Ursache
  • Heutige Auswirkung

Beispielsatz

If I had studied harder, I would have a better job now.

Mixed Conditional Typ B

Bildung

if + Past Simple + would have + Past Participle

Beispiel:

If I were more organised, I would have finished the project yesterday.

Verwendung

  • Gegenwärtige Ursache
  • Vergangene Auswirkung

Beispielsatz

If I were taller, I would have become a basketball player.

Zero Conditional

Bildung

if + Present Simple + Present Simple

Beispiel:

If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.

Verwendung

  • Fakten
  • Naturgesetze
  • Allgemeingültige Aussagen

Beispielsatz

If it rains, the ground gets wet.